John Deere and Complex Parts Inc Essay

Deere & Company headquarter in Moline, Illinois was founded in 1837.In 2007, they conducted business in over 110 countries and employed approximately 47,000 people worldwide. Their employment rate grew to over 67,000 individuals as shown in the Statistics, 2014. They are the world’s leading manufacturer of farm and forestry equipments and also produce construction, commercial and consumer equipments. Other products and services produced by Deere included; equipment financing, power system, special technologies and healthcare. In 2006 members of John Deere’s supplier evaluation team were discussing issues on a long time supplier, Complex Parts, performance. Over the past year, their service had declined resulting in an unfavorable and less profitable relationship between John Deere and Complex Parts and the supplier evaluation team was tasked with providing a recommended course of action to their project manager. Deere’s achieving excellence program (AEP), a supplier evaluation process that promotes communication, trust, cooperation, and continuous improvement, has served as a grading base for their suppliers. The AEP evaluates on a yearly bases, key parts on how a supplier is performing. It focuses on five key areas; quality, delivery, cost management, wavelength and technical support. The program classifies each supplier, from best to worst as either partner, key, approved or conditional. AEP effectively assesses the supplier’s commitment to its relationship with Deere in such areas as; enhancing communication, lowering cost and improving design. Complex Parts had been a supplier for John Deere for over ten years with annual sales to their Moline unit of approximately $ 3.5 million. Complex Parts’ responsibility was to manufacture a key part that required significant engineering input and testing and had remained John Deere’s only supplier of this part, even thou gh two other suppliers can also supply it. Complex Parts was a supplier who was actively involved and interested in increasing their sales with John Deere. They have always taken proactive measures in their dealings with John Deere, by participating in cost reduction strategies and staying up with Deere’s design changes and most importantly giving in to Deere’s Product Quality Plan. However, their delivery rating was extremely high at 155,000 and their Quality rating was 666. This was as a result of their failure to implement the Product Quality Plan at their newly opened facility. Lastly, for as willing as they were  about employing cost reduction strategies, they failed to do so over the past year, resulting in untimely deliveries and delays. For Complex Parts to go forward to the project manager there are four courses of actions to be presented to Complex Parts. 1) Contract a new external supplier and hope that the research and analysis conducted would benefit John Deere with a good rating, 2) Utilize Complex Parts in combination with a second supplier, either external or internal, 3) Utilize an internal supplier alre ady on contract with John Deere, and 4) Continue to move forward with Complex Parts as their main supplier. Our team recommendation should be the fourth option, of keeping Complex Parts as a main supplier. However identifying a path forward that is more engaged on John Deere’s part. Identifying a team or a direct contact of upper management that will be responsible at John Deere as a liaison between the two parties. Creating a dashboard interface, or a decision support system, that ranks each aspect of their relationship on a green, yellow, and red scale could also help them identify risks before they become realized and give monthly feedback to both companies on their overall health. Some short-term and long-term implications of the recommendations are; The decade long relationship between Complex Parts and John Deere is a good indicator of past performance. Because the AEP fails to solicit and incorporate supplier feedback to their analysis, it’s difficult to assess what could be the driver of the recent downturn in performance and deliveries. It could be an issue that is short term and due to rectify its self in the coming quarter. Choosing to keep Complex Parts on contract, as a supplier for John Deere will offset any of the initial costs associated with looking for external suppliers or contracting even those internally. Long-term relationships will have lows and highs and its ideal that John Deere rides this low out. Due to the lack of communication between both parties, keeping up with Deere’s required specification changes, but was very concerned with their frequent inability to return phone calls to Complex Parts’ customer service group. An increasing number of deliveries had to be expedited over the past year, costing Deere in the process it’s difficult to predict the results of keeping Complex Parts on contract. Had the two retained a healthy level of communication John Deere could be made aware of any recent issues that Complex Parts is experiencing and perhaps due to their vast experience offer solutions that would increase the turn  around of the imposed decline. There is a risk that communication alone will not prevent a future decrease in performance by Complex Parts and John Deere will ultimately lose additional profits. To both their benefit though, Complex Parts reputation and historical performance is a good indicator of future performance, instilling confidence for John Deere to press forward with their buyer and supplier relationship with Complex Part. Focus only on scoring a high rating on the AEP scale but not necessarily doing what is best for the supplier is not a good indicator for John Deere and Company. It is not only Complex Parts responsibility to make adjustments for John Deere. Deere and Company should also exploit what they could be doing to help the supplier. The AEP is an ideal way to analyze how a supplier is functioning but it would be beneficial to include an assessment of how or what Deere and Company could do to help suppliers, provide training to conditional suppliers in order for them to improve their process which will be beneficial to both Deere and this suppliers , and to avoid danger of losing business relationship for both parties. References Accounting Tools (2014) Accounting Tools. The Weighted Average Method. Retrieved on October 4, 2014 from: http://www.accountingtools.com/weighted-average-method The Statistics Portal (2014) Statistical. John Deere’s Workforce 2002-2013. Retrieved on October 4, 2014 from: http://www.statista.com/statistics/278010/john-deere-number-of-employees-since-2002/ Wisner, J. D., Tan, K., & Leong, G. K. (2012). Principles of Supply Chain Management (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western.

Emotions make the world go round Essay

Emotions are one of the unique traits of humans. Not all living things created by God were able to have emotions, only men are permitted to feel and express. Although animals have the ability to sense some things, it is not as powerful and as expressive as that of the humans. Human emotion speaks a thousand words†¦ in silent mode. What we have to understand when it comes to emotion is the reality that it comes from different factors which affects the cycle of emotion and feelings. Organism and environment has something to do with this but it is always linked to the question, â€Å"how do you feel? † which basically means that in emotions, feelings are essential (Kuhl, 1986). Do you ever wonder why a new born baby cries after his or her birth? Scientifically speaking, babies cry after birth because they are cold but there is a long story behind this one which we will not elaborate anymore. Looking in another aspect, away from science, babies cry because it signifies their ability to live. It serves as a sign that they are alive and it assures the people inside the delivery room about the baby’s existence. Looking at this situation through science’s perspective, an infant’s emotion is more likely associated with both conditioning and stimulation. Remember that around four (4) minutes before the baby is born, something happens inside his or her body which triggers the crying when the time to get out of the mother’s womb comes (Morley, 2002). On the other hand, when the baby is already born, we all know that the doctor taps the baby which ignites a little sense of feeling or sensitivity on the baby’s side. Therefore, conditioning and stimulation happens before and after the baby is born, thus, it is clear that there is really an effect both inside and outside the baby’s body. Although science can explain almost everything in life including emotions and feelings, in the end, it does not really matter that much when you were used in feeling and not thinking too much. Emotions are reactions in everything which happens to you. Others might associate it with adrenalin rush but thinking outside the box, emotions were proofs regarding your humanity. It is not the basis of weakness but instead, it is the sign that you are alive and doing well. Many people were not able to express their emotions like anger, fear happiness and sadness and decide to go to medical doctors for check ups. Perhaps, this is one proof that emotions are not just a thing in our life but ability. Works Cited Kuhl, J. (1986). Motivation and information processing: A new look at decision making, dynamic change, and action control. In R. M. Sorrentino & E. T. Higgins (Eds. ), Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior (pp. 404-434). Chichester: Wiley. Morly, G. M. (2002). Why Do Babies Cry? The Anatomical and Physiological Changes During the Moments After Birth. http://www. cordclamp. com/Why Do Babies Cr1. htm

A Passage to India by Forster Essay Example for Free

‘A Passage to India’ by Forster Essay ? â€Å"By close analysis of the structure and language of chapter one discuss how Forster expresses his overall concerns within the novel as a whole via this initial description of the Indian landscape.† Through chapter one of ‘A Passage to India’ Forster does far more than introduce the small town of Chandrapore. In this initial section of the novel the construction of the text reflects the tiered Indian society that becomes the basis for Forster’s deeper exploration of mankind and human behaviour. In addition, the ominous significance of the Marabar Caves within the novel is prefigured via the mysterious imagery used to describe them. This is contrasted by the more optimistic language which is used to describe the ‘overarching sky’ that unifies all men and points towards a hope for the future of peaceful co-existence. At the beginning of the chapter the reader is first introduced to the Muslim aspect of Chandrapore, the lowest tier of the Indian society but perhaps the most resilient. Here what Adela will later refer to as the ‘Real India’ is depicted. Through vivid imagery the area appears akin to a wasteland devoid of any significance. Even the holy river Ganges is described as â€Å"Trailing for a couple of miles†¦scarcely distinguishable from the rubbish it deposits so freely.† It is negative language such as this that creates a compounding sense of desolation about the ‘Real India.’ This of course is entirely necessary in order for Forster to create and convey the contrast between the Indian and English cultures which he believes to be incompatible in this context. Graphic and harsh language permeates the whole of this first section of the chapter creating a highly effective image of the squalor in which the Mohammedan Indians are condemned to live by their English rulers. The streets are â€Å"Mean† the â€Å"Temples ineffective† and the â€Å"Filth† of alleyways deters all but the invited guest.† By describing their quarter in such a way Forster makes the Muslim Indian seem almost sub-human to his readers, this of course, is how they are viewed by the English. They are remarked upon as â€Å"Low† but also as â€Å"Indestructible.† Despite their apparent lack of sophistication, the way in which, â€Å"The general outline of the town persists† comes to reflect the similar way in which the Muslim culture, although suppressed by the English, is based upon strong foundations of religious devotion and an inextinguishable spirit. Forster describes them as â€Å"Swelling here†¦shrinking there† and by doing so creates a very evocative image which captures perfectly the way in which the Indian race move ‘en-mass’ and in harmony, united in their angst to recapture their homeland. As Forster remarks, â€Å"Inland the prospect alters† and the Eurasian, Anglo-India described in the second section of the passage could not present a more stark contrast to that of Islamic Chandrapore. Here the houses belonging to the Eurasians â€Å"Stand on high ground† an important symbol which reflects the way in which the English believe themselves to be above the Indian race both morally and intellectually. It is this attitude of ignorance and racial superiority which will be developed and scathingly criticised by Forster as the novel progresses. Indeed it could be argued that humanity’s unwillingness to understand one another is the underlying theme behind the whole text and that in reality Adela and Mrs. Moore’s passage to India is in fact a deeper analogy for a more complex passage of mankind towards understanding itself. On a second rise of land lies the â€Å"Little civil station.† As the focal point for Eurasian society it is remarked that, â€Å"From here†¦Chandrapore appears to be a totally different place.† This observation encapsulates the way in which the station and its social club both seem to be isolated from the rest of India. Immersed in a fantasy world of British high society the station itself is described as, â€Å"Provoking no emotion† and â€Å"Sensibly planned.† This epitomises the logical mindset of the English, which deeply contrasts that of the spiritual Indian and highlights how even at a simple level of human understanding harmony is not possible between the two cultures creating the â€Å"Muddle† which is colonial India. Britain’s attitude of imposing herself upon other nations, typical of this time period before partition, is something heavily attacked by Forster. Throughout the text he is seen to criticise England replicated in India because to him this is unnatural and false. During the entirety of this second section of the passage Forster adopts a tone of negativity towards the English. Their section of Chandrapore is described as, â€Å"Sharing nothing with the rest of the city except the overarching sky† conveying the way in which they consciously isolate themselves from the Indians. In the overall context of the novel this image becomes very important. As gradually relations between the two races come to deteriorate the sky comes to be the only unifying element between Indian and Englishman. Further more, the way in which the image is echoed throughout the text seems to suggest the existence of a more powerful presence beyond man both physically and in terms of significance within the universe. It is Forster’s belief that ultimately the petty quarrels of man are meaningless in such a vast entity. The final section of the chapter is used by Forster to expand on the concept of the overarching sky. It is described as having a â€Å"Persistent blue core† the stars â€Å"Hanging like lamps from the immense vault† which is the sky and it is elevated imagery such as this which comes to symbolise a hope for the future of mankind. In contrast to the â€Å"muddle† and â€Å"misunderstanding† which covers India and the rest of the earth, the sky instead represents an element which unifies all men. Its persistence represents a hope that one day all the problems of man explored within the novel will pale into insignificance. It could be argued the description of the sky evokes an atmosphere akin to that of the Hindu religion. Forster remarks, â€Å"The sky settles everything† and indeed to Godbole and his fellow Hindus this is to a certain degree true. The unanswerable questions, the answers to which are sought by both Muslim and Christian are left to be pondered by Godbole. He seeks to answer questions about his own spiritual existence and the natural world around him. As a result his passage within the novel becomes one of progression as opposed one to of retreat as is experienced by Aziz and Fielding. The Chapter ends with a final short image of the mysterious Marabar caves. All around â€Å"League after league the earth lies flat,† yet in the south, â€Å"A group of fists and fingers are thrust up through the soil.† These fingers are the ‘Marabar hills’ and seem to point mysteriously towards the heavens above. The way in which they seem to separate themselves from their earthly surroundings suggests an equally unearthly presence about them. This of course will be proved true by the supernatural and inexplicable violation which Adela experiences within their walls. Dark and devoid of humanity they represent an aspect of India that the logical English will never be able to conquer. Therefore it is possible to conclude that the first Chapter of ‘A Passage to India’ can be regarded as a template for the novel as a whole. Almost all of Forster’s overall concerns are indicated by its content and it is clear that the varied description of the Indian landscape comes to symbolise differences between those who inhabit the land. This disjointed construction of society will only increase as the novel progresses ultimately leading to the personal retreat of the novel’s two main characters, Aziz and Fielding whom are unable to stand out as individuals and trapped within the confines of their own cultures. It will be only the deeply spiritual Godbole who is shown to have made any real progress via his own ‘Passage to India’ and of course Mrs. Moore, who despite her death becomes a symbol for hope by the way in which she is revered as a Hindu Goddess. â€Å"A Passage to India† – E.M. Forster Classic notes – www.classicnotes.com ‘A Passage to India’ by Forster. (2017, Jul 10).

UV Light Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

UV Light - Research Paper Example Disadvantage of excessive sunlight consumption is that it can cause sunburn and other skin related diseases. Ultraviolet light has many uses for instance, in astronomy, to cause resistance against infections and in light bulbs using fluorescence. The word ultraviolet stands for beyond violet. In the spectrum of light which is visible, the wavelength of light tends to decrease whereas the energy that is present in the electromagnetic waves keeps on increasing. The range starts from red and changing from orange, yellow, green, blue and all the way to violet. Therefore, UV light is shorter in wavelength and possesses more energy than violet radiation waves. Usually UV light is measure in nanometers. The range defined for ultraviolet range is between 10nm to 400nm. The characterization of ultraviolet light can from UV-A, UV-B or UV-C that depends on how the wavelength is decreasing. Another way to classify ultraviolet when it comes to astronomy is by characterizing through near, middle, far and extreme. Ultraviolent light has many benefits for example the UV light present in the sunlight can produce vitamin D which is essential for human growth and prevents from many harmful diseases like cancer, heart diseases, rickets etc.. The UV light present in the sun activates a chemical in our body that eventually formulates the vitamin. It is observed that an excessive absorption of sunlight can cause skin diseases and sunburn. "Ultraviolet light has been used for centuries to treat a myriad of health and skin problems in the form of natural sunlight or more recently by artificial UV generated sources." (Baranoski, 154) Another purpose of ultraviolet waves is that it is used in the restoration of artwork.Ultraviolet waves help in restoration of art therefore while buying, framing, selling or praising an artwork knowledge of its prior restoration is necessary therefore while restoring

Global Warming and Water Shortage Research Paper

Global Warming and Water Shortage - Research Paper Example The author of the paper states that the hydrology of all the major river basins all across the world are likely to be affected and changed by the warming process as well (Postel, 1999). Therefore, the fresh water supply of the world is very likely to be affected through altered precipitation patterns or hydrological systems. As a result, the possibility of fresh water supplies being affected adversely as a direct consequence of global warming emerges. Though there are critics who attribute likely global water supply shortages to more significant anthropogenic causes rather than global warming (see Golkany, 2003), the present essay shall consider global warming as a source of fresh water depletion as, though such anthropogenic causes may be significant in the short run, in the long run, climate changes are likely to have greater impacts. Thus, the implications of global water supply shortages for the future generations shall be explored assuming that they will be significantly contrib uted to by global warming. In what follows, we first briefly look into the present global water supply situation. The analysis of the implications of the further depletion of the present stock predicted for the generations to come is explored. On the basis of this, we then attempt to identify the true nature and the extent of the severity of the problem before attempting to discuss the possibility of prevention and finally concluding.

Aid is abused by both donors and recipients. Nothing should be counted Essay

Aid is abused by both donors and recipients. Nothing should be counted as Official Development Assistance until it has been proved to reduce poverty. Discuss - Essay Example with these aid in such a manner that the positive impact of the aid in the recipient countries is nullified, the very essence of the institutional structures, policies and corruption in the recipient countries even make worse the situation by aggravating the ineffectiveness of the aid received. This has resulted to disappointing results over that past where actually the aim of development or poverty reduction were only recognized in a few countries that had favourable conditions to work with (Pettersson, 2007). Schabbel (2007:2) in his analysis of foreign and poverty reduction notes that World Bank statistics shows that though the number of poor people in extreme poverty has reduced from 40.4% in 1981 to 21.1% in 2001, most of this reduction was traced from China. Excluding China from the analysis showed that in actuality extreme poverty rose. For instance in sub Saharan Africa, poverty rose from 41.6% in 1981 to 46.4% in 2001. And this has been the trend over the past in such a mann er that it attracted global debate in effectiveness of such aid and necessitated a number of agreements, one in 2005 and the other in 2008 to help in achieving higher effectiveness. Indeed the effectiveness of aid, has been high on political agendas with a several agreements on how to make aid being more effective adopted by various governments both donors and recipients: that is the Accra Agenda for Action of 2008 and the Paris declaration of 2005 which provide commitments and principles for ensuring that ODA provided are effective and efficient in meeting their objectives (OECD Observer, 2007; OECD, 2008:1). The Reality of Aid Report (2010:9) though note that the manner in which these agreements are implemented is too technical to actually transform the manner in which aid is governed to actually make it more effective and relevant to the poor for whom it is aimed. It shows that the agreements have not changed the reality of aid relationships since what is actually practised are

A Critical Gaze of Scientific Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Critical Gaze of Scientific Medicine - Essay Example In the novel, the different levels within the cosmopolitan medical system itself also embody the class structure during the 1920’s and 1930’s in China. In the hierarchy of the cosmopolitan medical system the upper class is composed of foreign physicians and foreign-trained Chinese male physicians, the middle class is made up of local-trained Chinese male or female doctors, nurses, therapists, and technicians, and the working class consists of Chinese female service personnel. Foreign physicians and foreign-trained Chinese physicians play the dominant role during the interactions between the patients and the cosmopolitan medical system in Gold-dust Dynasty, whereas nurses and service personnel are almost silent, which implies that the cosmopolitan medicine in Gold-dust Dynasty lays stress on the training of physicians, rather than the provision of care to patients. During the treatment, experiences of suffering and symptom expressions are explained as the depersonalized site of isolatable sickness episodes by physicians. Patients seek but do not get answers to their questions about their suffering and therefore develop their own understanding of their situations. For example, the formal wife of the biggest son of the Jin family is sick during her pregnancy. The physician prescribes her medicine without any explanation of her ailment. As a result, the lady begins to perceive her baby as the cause of her physical and psychological afflictions, leading to plans for aborting the baby.

Strategic delivery of change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic delivery of change - Essay Example Change management process can be defined as an approach undertaken for transitioning organizations, individuals or teams so as to achieve the desired state in the future. This report deals with two different forms of approaches that can be incorporated so as to deliver strategic change in the organizational system. The problem identified in relation to the case of British Petroleum was accusation at the top management in terms of taking an active role so as to manage aftermath of the disaster of Deepwater Horizon. The major problem was that the organization followed a top down approach and as a result the disaster that could have been prevented by taking feedback from the person in charge of the project and the other workforce was not incorporated in the system. This in turn had resulted into that explosion and triggered a change throughout the organization so that innovative ideas and opinions can be incorporated by the organization for future growth and success. The other problem a rea was that the organization did not maintain transparency as well as proper communication channels with all the employees and neither with the public in relation to conveying the factors that led to the disaster and the initiatives that is taken by the top management so as to restrict such disasters in the future and align their operations towards being eco-friendly in nature. The report would aim at designing the approach that would communicate the change that is needed in the organization to every level and all the departments so as to ensure proper implementation of the change. Storytelling is one of the most dynamic approaches that are incorporated by many companies so as to illuminate needs for change and then generate response or actions. Storytelling approach at all its levels conveys the message to the employees on how they need

Db4 2 managing organiz change Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Db4 2 managing organiz change - Research Paper Example For instance, organizations consult to have their staff trained in using more sophisticated technology, for knowledge on the best programs to employ, cost implications involved, and structural adjustment needed. The impact of technology on the process of organizational change is evident considering a significant number of businesses are continuously incorporating the latest technology in their operations (Kiernan, 1995). Currently, almost all organizations have set a technology and information system department with the aim of achieving a more efficient and profitable change process. In my opinion using technology as a catalyst or the means of implementing change should be considered positive. Technological programs allow quick communication, sharing and transfer of information among employees regardless the location. For example, the VIP Task manager is one of the software commonly used during organizational-change process. It enables organizations pass information to its clients, update management plan, as well as, enhancing collaborations and communication of change strategies (TMG, 2004). In conclusion, with the current advancements in technology more programs on change management are expected. For instance, programs that allow access of internet in developing areas will enable organizations develop business in area that could not before due to lack of communication means. Additionally, incorporating technology will lead organizational change focusing on global strategies so as to be competitive globally. Task Management Guide (TMG). (2004). Change management software - example of effective tool for carrying out organizational management. Retrieved from

The Cell Cycle Essay Example for Free

The Cell Cycle Essay I. Concept 12.1- Cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells A. Overview 1) The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells or cell division. 2) The cell division process is an integral part of the cell cycle, the life of a cell from the time it is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into two cells. B. Cellular Organization of the Genetic Material 1) A cell’s endowment of DNA, its genetic information is called its genome. 2) Before the cell can divide to form genetically identical daughter cells, all of the DNA must be copied and then two copies separated so that each daughter cell ends up with a complete genome. 3) The replication and distribution of DNA is manageable because the DNA molecules are packaged into chromosomes. 4) The nuclei of a human somatic cell (all body cells except the reproductive cells) each contain 46 chromosomes made up of two sets of 23, one set inherited from each parent. 5) Reproductive cells or gametes-sperm and eggs-have half as many chromosomes as somatic cells, or only one set of 23 chromosomes. 6) Eukaryotic chromosomes are made of chromatin, a complex of DNA and associated protein molecules. C. Distribution of Chromosomes During Eukaryotic Cell Division 1) After DNA duplication, the chromosomes condense: Each chromatin fiber becomes densely coiled and folded, making the chromosomes much shorter and thick. 2) Each duplicated chromosome has two sister chromatids. The two chromatids, each containing an identical DNA molecule, are initially attached along their lengths by adhesive protein complexes called cohesins. This attachment is known as the sister chromatid cohesion. 3) The duplicated chromosome has a narrow waist at the centromere, a specialized region where the two chromatids are most closely attached. 4) Later in the cell division process, the two sister chromatids of each duplicated chromosome separate and move into two new nuclei, one forming at each end of the cell. 5) Mitosis, the division of the nucleus is usually founded immediately by cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm. 6) You produce gametes by a variation of cell division called meiosis, which yields nonidentical daughter cells that have only one set of chromosomes. II. Concept 12.2- The mitotic phase alternates with interphase in the cell cycle A. Phases of the Cell Cycle 1) The mitotic phase (M) phase, which includes both mitosis and cytokinesis, is usually the shortest part of the cell cycle. 2) Mitotic cell division alternates with a much longer stage called interphase, which often accounts for about 90% of the cell. It is during interphase that the cell grows and copies its chromosomes in preparation for cell division. 3) Interphase can be divided into subphases: * G1 phase (â€Å"first gap†) * S phase (â€Å"synthesis†) * G2 phase (â€Å"second gap†) 4) Mitosis is conventionally broken down into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. B. The Mitotic Spindle 1) Many of the events in mitosis depend on the mitotic spindle, which begins to form in the cytoplasm during prophase. This structure consists of fibers made from microtubules and associated proteins. 2) In animal cells, the assembly of spindle microtubules starts at the centrosome, a subcellular region containing material that functions throughout the cell cycle to organize the cell’s microtubules. 3) An aster, a radial array of short microtubules. The spindle includes the centrosomes, the spindle microtubules, and the asters. 4) Each of the two sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome has a kinetochore, a structure of proteins associated with specific sections of chromosomal DNA at the centromere. 5) During prometaphase, the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores which then moves the chromosomes toward the pole from which those microtubules extend. 6) At metaphase, the centromeres of all the duplicated chromosome are on a plane midway between the spindle’s two poles. This plane is called the metaphase plate. C. Cytokinesis 1) Cytokinesis occurs by a process known as cleavage. The first sign of cleavage is the appearance of a cleavage furrow. 2) The contractile ring of actin microfilaments act as drawstrings. The cleavage furrow deepens, until the parent cell is split in two, creating two daughter cells. 3) In plant cells, vesicles from the Golgi apparatus move along microtubules to the middle of the cell, where they coalesce, producing a cell plate. D. Binary Fission 1) The asexual reproduction of single-celled eukaryotes includes mitosis and occurs by a type of cell division called binary fission, meaning â€Å"division in half†. 2) Prokaryotes also reproduce by binary fission, but the prokaryotic process does not involve mitosis. 3) In E. coli, the process of cell division is initiated when the DNA of the bacterial chromosome called the origin of replication, producing two origins. 4) The origin replicates while the other origin moves to the opposite end of the cell. The cell elongates and replication finishes and a new cell wall is deposited, which in result creates tow daughter cells. E. The Evolution of Mitosis 1) Since prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes, mitosis may have evolved from binary fission. 2) Certain protists exhibit types of cell division that seem intermediate between binary fission and mitosis. III. Concept 12.3-The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system A. Evidence for Cytoplasmic Signals 1) Hypothesis: The cell cycle is driven by specific signaling molecules present in the cytoplasm 2) Evidence comes from an experiment where they induced cultured mammalian cells at different phases of the cell cycle to fuse. B. The Cell Cycle Control System 1) The sequential events of the cell cycle are directed by a distinct cell cycle control system, a cyclically operating set of molecules in the cell that both triggers and coordinates key events in the cell cycle. 2) A checkpoint in the cell cycle is a control point where stop and go-ahead signals can regulate the cycle (using signal transduction pathways). 3) If a cell receives a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, it will usually complete the G1, S, G2, and M phases and divide. 4) If it does not receive a go-ahead signal at that point, it will exit the cycle, switching into a nondividing state called the G0 phase. C. The Cell Cycle Clock: Cyclins and Cyclin Dependent Kinases 1) Rhythmic fluctuations in the abundance and activity if cell cycle control molecules pace the sequential events of the cell cycle. These regulatory molecules are mainly proteins of two types: protein kinases and cyclins. 2) Many of the kinases that drive the cell cycle are actually present at a constant concentration in the growing cell, but much of the time they are in inactive form. 3) To be active, such a kinase must be attached to a cyclin, a protein that gets its name from its cyclically fluctuating concentration in the cell. 4) Because of this requirement, these kinases are called cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks. 5) The activity of a Cdk fluctuates with changes in the concentration of its cyclin partner. 6) MPF (maturation-promoting factor) is a cyclin-Cdk complex that triggers a cell’s passage past the G2 checkpoint into the M phase D. Stop and Go Signs: Internal and External signals at the Checkpoints 1) An example of an internal signal is that kinetochores not attached to spindle microtubules send a molecular signal that delays anaphase 2) A growth factor is a protein released by certain cells that stimulates other cells to divide. 3) Different cell types respond specifically to different growth factors or combinations of growth factors. For example, platelet-derived frpwth factor stimulates the division of a human. 4) The effect of an external physical factor on cell division is clearly seen in density-dependent inhibition, a phenomenon in which crowded cells stop dividing. 5) Most animal cells also exhibit anchorage dependence. To divide the must be attached to a substratum, such as the inside of a culture jar or the extracellular matrix of a tissue. E. Loss of Cell Cycle Controls in Cancer Cells 1) Cancer cells do not heed the normal signals that regulate the cell cycle. They divide excessively and invade other tissues. In addition to their lack of density-dependent inhibition and anchorage dependence, cancer cells do not stop dividing when growth factors are depleted. 2) A logical hypothesis is that cancer cells do not need growth factors in their culture medium to grow and divide. 3) The problem of cancer begins when a single cell in a tissue undergoes transformation, the process that converts a normal cell to a cancer cell. The body’s immune system normally recognizes a transformed cell as an insurgent and destroys it. 4) If the abnormal cells remain at the original site, the lump is called a benign tumor. 5) In contrast, a malignant tumor becomes invasive enough to impair the function of one or more organs. These tumors can proliferate and spread to locations distant from their original site in a process called metastasis.

Reflection on Teaching Statistical Research Methods

Reflection on Teaching Statistical Research Methods I began teaching almost fifteen years ago, while in medical school. It was then that I discovered my love for teaching and its potential to transform the lives of both students and teachers. These two aspects have become the driving forces of my teaching. My teaching philosophy rests on four elements. First, I set challenging goals for both students and myself. Second, I believe in the effectiveness of action-oriented and participatory learning. Third, I value diversity in and outside of the classroom. Finally, I view teaching as complementary to research. My preferred teaching areas (biostatistics, epidemiology and social determinant of health) are closely related to choice of my research area. This will allows me to bring examples from my own research and service into the classroom, as well as to further my own thinking through classrooms discussions. Teaching research methods and methods of statistical analysis often provides a unique opportunity to motivate and empower students, as many are often skeptical about their abilities in these areas. Because students learn in a variety of different ways, I use a variety of methods in my classes to help ensure that one method will clarify concepts when others do not. By being flexible in my approach to teaching quantitative methods, I am able to help build the self-confidence of those who need it, and to communicate the principles of sound research methodology and statistical analysis to all students. Flexibility alone, however, is not sufficient. I also believe that it is important to demonstrate my own passion for the subjects I am teaching, not only to build my credibility as a teacher and mentor, but also to inspire students to develop skills and aspirations of their own in quantitative areas in which they may not have been interested previously. My overarching concern when teaching courses on research methodology and methods of statistical analysis is that students develop an ability to think critically and logically when evaluating statistical information that is presented in research, as well as in their everyday lives. Although not every student can be expected to develop an interest in quantitative methods per se, I believe that they all need to be able to evaluate whether stated conclusions are supported by the available data and analytic results. This helps to create informed consumers of research and provides students with a skill set the can apply to their future careers. My teaching plans include developing interactive and audiovisual teaching materials. I will also use various tools, both technological and pedagogical, that will effectively reinforce the teaching materials. I make use of a variety of instructional methods, including traditional lecture, technological tools, group work, and individual practice. I also vary my methods according to course content and student preferences. I will also like to take advantage of the internet, especially in terms of using some great applets that are available on the web for class demonstrations. I believe that one should employ whatever tools that will most effectively accomplish the job of teaching students so that they retain the main ideas long after they have forgotten who taught them. I believe that epidemiology and medical statistics courses should be tailored to the needs of the students, with a balance of theory and application that is appropriate to the audience. Graduate students need a good under standing of both the theory and application of statistical methods. It is important for all students to see the connections: the connections between theory and practice, the connections between raw data and inferences, and the connections between different types of statistical methodologies. I also think that students need to practice with the connections between raw data and inferences. By this I mean that students need hands-on experience not only with data analysis, but also with explaining the results of their analyses clearly and concisely in writing. It is important that they are not just able to do a regression analysis, for example, but to also understand the usefulness and limitations of their analysis. On a practical note, I will like to supplement my lectures with numerous example data analyses, using real data whenever possible, and base my homework assignments on realistic problems. I also like to give homework assignments that involve writing a brief report to summarize a statistical analysis, or a critique of a published analysis, as well as individual or group projects and presentations. I also think students should be exposed to the practice of statistics through critical appraisal of journal articles using standard and validated tools. In and out of the classroom, I strive to present material to students in a clear, logical and interesting manner. I work hard to provide examples from empirical research, and to connect the course materials to the areas in which they are interested. To create a dynamic classroom experience for everyone, I encourage students to express themselves through class discussion and to apply course concepts to their own experiences. And, to ensure students know they make a difference in my courses, I always try to have them complete an informal mid-semester evaluation of the course and my teaching. This allows me to make positive changes during the semester and to make sure each course is successful. I would like my students to see me as an accessible, supportive person who respects them as individuals and is interested in their intellectual and personal development. I will strive to communicate to them the excitement that is gaining new knowledge from day to day. Often it is the interaction between teacher and students that nurtures the motivation and enthusiasm for science.

Should There Be A Law Against Paparazzi? Essay -- essays research pape

How about creating a law against the use of telephoto lens and parabolic listening devices? How about creating a new crime—One that will penalize those persisting and persuading photographers, the Paparazzi also known to celebrities as stalkarazzi who follow the rich and famous for the thousand dollars snapshot that reveals some special, intimate moment or an embarrassing one. Should there be a law rebuking such act? Should there be strict laws preventing press photographers (paparazzi) from pursuing persons who do not want to be photograph? I believe there’s a symbolic relationship that exists between celebrities and photographer; they need each other to create the aura that feeds them both. And the general public needs that aura to feed its dream and fantasies. Without the paparazzi and the tabloids that sell better than an item greatly reduced in its sale price, the famous wouldn’t be famous. The glitter would fade away into gray mist like a fog. The famous gave up a large measure of privacy for the brighter, larger world of glitter. It’s living globally, everyone knows where you are and when and also every gritty little detail of your personal lifestyle. Privacy is not part of language. Photographers do have the right to follow public figures, newsmakers, and celebrities in order to snap their photos. A line should be drawn as to peering over a wall or chasing a limo to get a picture of a celebrity. But if someone (like Princess Diana) is doing something on a front la...

Essay --

Benchmark II 2 to 6 players Object: Collect as many Princess Points and have the highest amount at the end of the game! Setting up: Picking Your Princess-- Choose a princess! You have a choice of seven princesses: Cinderella, Belle, Ariel, Jasmine, Mulan, and Ms. Beideman. The probability of choosing your favorite princess, Ms. Beideman is 1/7 or 14.29% Princess Points -- Place all princess point chips off to the side, for later use in the game. At the end of the game, princess points will count towards winning the game! Cards -- Separate the cards into four decks: Career Cards, Salary Cards, Castle Cards, and Chariot Cards. Money -- Have all the players spin the dial once. The player with the highest number will be the banker. This player is in charge of all the Princess points being exchanged to and from the bank. There are five spaces on the dial. This means that the probability of being the banker no matter what, otherwise known as landing on the number five, is ⅕. The probability of not being the banker no matter what, otherwise known as landing on the number one, is also ⅕. Imagine three people are playing the game, and two of those people have landed on the numbers 1, 4, and 2. The fourth person’s chance of becoming banker is ⅕, because the third person can only win the title by landing on 5. The third person has the same chance of winning the title as losing the title: the chance that she does not become banker is ⅕, since the only way she could not become banker is if she landed on 3. Playing the Game: What You Do on a Turn -- On the beginning of your turn, spin the wheel. The dial is numbered from 1-5. Remember the number your dial landed on, then spin again. Next, add the two numbers received from spinning t... ...ces will also be included. 17 spaces will be neutral, which neither give nor take Princess Points. The player’s chance of landing on a neutral space is 17/27, or 22.97%. Dependent Probability Each card has their own different probabilities of being able to choose a card. This probability is dependent on the amount of players and cards already removed from the deck. Each category of cards includes 10 individual cards. Binomial Probability Spaces including gaining Princess Points and neutral spaces will be included in binomial probability. Both gaining Princess Points and neutral spaces have 17 spaces on the board individually. Therefore the probability of landing on one of these spaces is 34/75, or 45.33% Venn Diagram Available Jobs Depending on Degree Thank you, and enjoy the game! Your gamemakers, Shira and Jocelyn May the odds be ever in your favor.

Technology in Mathematics :: Education School

There are many different ideas as to how technology should be used in the mathematical classroom of today. There are those who believe that students will not learn as much if they use technology such as computers and calculators, and there are still others that believe this technology can benefit students if used in the proper way. After reading many articles on the use of technology in the mathematical classroom, I have to agree with NCTM’s Technology Principle, which states that â€Å"technology is essential in teaching and learning mathematics; it influences the mathematics that is taught and enhances students’ learning† (Principles 24). What the Technology Principle is not saying that some may interpret is that students will not have to learn how to solve problems on their own. The way I see it, the principle is telling us the very opposite of this. We all know as future teachers and current students ourselves, that we must understand the applications and why we do them to really understand mathematics. In other words, we cannot just memorize the steps of application and plug it into our calculator, but rather we must understand why the steps were done and what our results mean. After the students have shown that they understand the material and applications, the teacher may allow his or her students to use the calculator once the applications have become tedious for the students. For example, if we asked a group of Calculus students to find the maximum of a line, we would not expect them to graph the function by hand and try to guess where the point is, we would instead promote them to use their calculators to find the best estimate of the point. So, even in cases such as this, technology can be used to further demonstrate the reasoning behind a problem. It may be the case that we want our students to work on the application, and then again it may be the case that we want our students to be able to see what they are doing the application for. The only thing we really have to be careful of is not to let technology replace the â€Å"basic understandings and intuitions† (Principles 25). Technology can be a great tool for teaching mathematics because we can show and manipulate visual form with such programs as The Geometer’s Sketchpad and many others. Programs such as these help students to visualize problems, and can also help teachers better explain the mathematical concepts. One of the questions we hear a lot in mathematics is â€Å"why?† I can even remember teachers struggling to answer these questions with their crude drawings on the board or their wordy explanations.

Abstract – Analysis

After Jobs' death (201 1), the video of his speech turned on the internet, gaining millions of views. On Twitter and Backbone, people quoted pieces of the speech, and one of the cost highly circulated quotes was his last line: â€Å"Stay hungry, stay foolish. â€Å". Steve Jobs' powerful speech consisted of three stories from his life. The first story, which he calls â€Å"connecting the dots†, touches upon his early life and how it all affected the inception and development of his company and career.The second story, about â€Å"love and loss†, reveals how he pursued what he loved, and the twists and turns in that pursuit, and his eventual success and attainment of happiness (American dream). The third story he speaks about relates his feelings of being at the end of the road, and how facing death every day inspired him to work and live as if it were his last day (Carper diem theme).This speech is more Interesting because It is full of rhetorical, philosophical messa ges and figures, there are the recurring themes of birth, death, rebirth, love, and determination. Indubitably, Jobs has struck a core with the American Dream: â€Å"Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. † and â€Å"Don't settle. † , a few of his aphorisms for the young students are determined to Join the workforce, pursue their livelihoods, start their families, and achieve their â€Å"Dream†.While It may seem plausible and appealing to â€Å"stay hungry, stay foolish† for one person, It may seem unreasonable and Inauspicious to another. The reference about the â€Å"Instinct† that for Jobs prevails over the â€Å"reason† creates divergent opinions as also the history has shown through the thinking of some philosophers Like B. Pascal, S. Segregated, F. Nietzsche or rationalist philosophers Like D. Home or R. Descartes. Finally, there are many other Ideas and Items that come out of this discourse, where the path os always wins the audience.

First Amendment

The First Amendment is part of the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights is our rights as citizens living in the United States of America. In this paper I will look at three provisions to the First Amendment, highlighting one case for each provision. Included are one case to discuss freedom of speech, one case to discuss separation of church and state and one case to discuss freedom of association. 1.)Discuss at least one Supreme Court case of significance related to three of the provisions of the First Amendment. Case number 1: Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971), this was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with freedom of speech. The United States Supreme Court overturned a disturbing the peace conviction by a man who exited a courthouse wearing a jacket decorated with profanity. On April 26, 1968, Paul Robert Cohen was 19 at the time of his arrest outside a Los Angeles courthouse wearing a jacket decorated with profanity. His jacket had the words â€Å"[email  protected]%k the Draft.† Cohen was arrested for maliciously and willfully disturbing the peace or quiet by any person or a neighborhood. a.)Why did this case have to be heard and interpreted by the Supreme Court? Paul Robert Cohen was found guilty of disturbing the peace at a Los Angeles Courthouse. Cohen’s lawyers appealed and the conviction stood its ground in the California Court of Appeal. The California Supreme Court denied review, the United States Supreme Court granted to review and argue the case. The Court’s decision was in favor of Paul Robert Cohen by a vote of 5-4 and overturned the appellate court’s ruling. According to Justice John Marshall Harlan II â€Å"the state may not, consistently with the First and Fourteenth Amendments, make the simple public of this single four-letter expletive a criminal offense.† (Cohen v. California, docket #: 299, 1971). b.)How do the Supreme Court decisions in each case continue to affect the rights of American Citizens today? Cohen v. California is a landmark case because this case removes from our government the right to censor speech and determine what actions of speech are appropriate for a civil society (Balter-Reitz, 2003). This case affects all of us today because it prevents local and federal government determine what is appropriate or over the line when we are expressing ourselves. 2.)Discuss at least one Supreme Court case of significance related to three of the provisions of the First Amendment. Case number 2: McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203 (1948), this was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with separation of church and state. This case was argued at the United States Supreme Court to the power of a state to use tax money to support public schools to provide religious instruction. Vashti McCollum an atheist objected to the religious classes being provided by the Champaign public school district. McCollum argued that the school district violated the First Amendment, the principle of separation of church and state. a.)Why did this case have to be heard and interpreted by the Supreme Court? McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203 (1948) was first decided in the circuit court of Champaign County in favor of the school district. McCollum then appealed to the Illinois Supreme Court that held the lower court’s ruling. McCollum finally appealed to the United States Supreme Court that agreed to hear her case. The Courts decision was in favor or Vashti McCollum by a vote of 8-1ruling that the religious classes was unconstitutional. Justice Hugo Black stated that â€Å"To hold that a state cannot consistently with the First and Fourteenth Amendments utilize its public school system to aid any or all religious faiths or sects in the dissemination of their doctrines† (McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203, 1948). b.)How do the Supreme Court decisions in each case continue to affect the rights of American Citizens today? This was a landmark case because it separated church from state. This case also provided a level platform for those who are attending a public school. In the McCollum case her son was being singled and made fun of by other students because he did not attend the religious classes. This case was beneficial for all of us today to attend a public school government funded and not have to attend religious classes against our will. As a result of this case school officials in Champaign Ill, decided to release the students one hour earlier known as â€Å"release time† to attend religious classes without supervision from teachers or school officials (Time Magazine, 1948) 3.)Discuss at least one Supreme Court case of significance related to three of the provisions of the First Amendment. Case number 3: Boy Scouts of America et al. v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640 (2000), this was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with freedom of association. James Dale an assistant scoutmaster for the Boy Scouts of America was expelled from scouting after the Boy Scouts of America read an article at a local newspaper that Dale indicated and quoted that he was gay. a.)Why did this case have to be heard and interpreted by the Supreme Court? Boy Scouts of America et al. v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640 (2000), was first decided at a New Jersey Supreme Court which forced the Boy Scouts of America to readmit assistant Scoutmaster James Dale after learning that he is gay. The United States Supreme Court overturned the New Jersey Supreme Court decision and decided that forcing the Boy Scouts of America to readmit James Dale violated the rights of the Boy Scouts of America, specifically the freedom of association. The Freedom of Association allows a private organization to determine which person can be included into the organization (Boy Scouts of America et al. v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640, 2000.) b.)How do the Supreme Court decisions in each case continue to affect the rights of American Citizens today? Affects of the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on the case of Boy Scouts of America et al. v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640, (2000) is difficult to measure. It only has been 10 years since the decision but today we are experiencing other cases similar to one above. Cases of the military’s â€Å"don’t ask don’t tell† policy has recently been on the news as well states allowing or opposing gay marriages. I predict that the above case will be serving as a foundation for future decisions regarding Americans rights to freedom of association especially if they are gay. 4.)Evaluate the rights and responsibilities that the constitution provides you as an American Citizen. In the examination of the cases above, the Constitution provides me an American Citizen a safety net to argue situations when I felt that my constitution is being violated. I can believe that I can appeal to a higher court and all the way to the United States Supreme Court to make a final decision. In conclusion, this was a great paper to write because as an American Citizen I have neglected to fully understand the right given to me as a citizen. This paper made me realize how much protection I have as a citizen. After examining the three United States Supreme Court cases I am glad that there is a higher court and whether the decision is pro or con, I can rest assure that a fair and just decision will be made. References http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/faclibrary/case.aspx?case=Cohen_v_CA http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,804516,00.html caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=99-699 caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=333&invol=203

Effects of Nationalism After French Revolution

After the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Era, people were brought together by the French army marching through their country. During the nineteenth century nationalism became a great aspect of life. Both writer and artist works were greatly influenced by nationalistic ideals and brought people together. Nationalism became a very popular thing after the Napoleonic Era, when people saw how the French carried themselves as a people of a nation. This is when other nations started to strive for links between their people.One major forerunner was language. People saw language as one way to unify as a nation, and create a brotherhood between its people. The whole idea of roots and back story also influenced the literature of the nineteenth century as well. Many writers works were influenced from the nineteenth century was influenced by Nationalistic ideals. One set of writers who showed the idea of nationalism were the Brothers Grimm in their Grimm’s Fairy Tales. Grimm’s Fairy Tales is a collection of German fairy tales all in one book.They used these collection of fairy tales to create a German identity, by saying these were the tales passed on from generation to generation in German culture. Another writer that shows nationalism is Aleksandr Pushkin in his work The Bronze Horseman. The Bronze Horseman tells the tale of Evgenii and how he ends up going mad and getting killed by the statue of Peter. This shows nationalism in the fact that in the introduction of the poem, he talks about the founding of St. Petersburg and how great Russia is. Artist also had many works that portrayed nationalistic ideals.One piece of art that without a doubt showed nationalism was La Liberte guidant le peuple by Eugene Delacroix. This painting depicts â€Å"Mother France† leading her people into battle during the French Revolution. It shows Mother France with torn clothes and a French flag above her head which show how she wanted to bring her people all under the French flag and join them together. Another painting that depicts nationalism is The Bard by John Martin. This painting shows a Welsh bard running from a massacre that had just happened in a town off in the background of the painting.This showed nationalism in the idea that no matter what the English would send upon the Welsh they would always stand strong as a people and never give in to the English repression. All these different works show different aspects of nationalism. The Brother Grimm with the Grimm’s Fairy Tales, showed German nationalism in the fact that it created German folklore for people to come around. Aleksandr Pushkin’s The Bronze Horseman showed nationalism in that it tells how great Russia is and no matter what happens it will forever keep its greatness.Eugene Delacroix’s painting La Liberte Guidant le people shows French nationalism in that it shows the French people all coming together under one flag to fight alongside Mother France and were willing to die for her. In The Bard by John Martin shows Welsh nationalism in that no matter what the English did to them they would never give in. In sum, nationalism became a major aspect of life in the nineteenth century. People came together and many new nations began to form in response to these new ideals of nationalism. Nationalism led to many great things, like the unification of Germany in 1871.

Good education Essay

The plot tells you what happens in a story, but the theme tells you what the story is about: What is the underlying message? What is driving the action? It is also helpful to ask â€Å"why†: Why did the author choose this setting or this conflict? Why did the author choose this tone? Why are these characters behavinI agree the â€Å"The Road Not Taken† (Frost, 1916) has a journey or pilgrimage theme, for the person in the poem is struggling with his personal journey in life. Specifically, he is trying to decide which road in life to take. You did an excellent job identifying the major symbol in Frost’s poem, the road itself, and your angle is fresh and unique. Until now, I never considered the fact that one of the roads represents a path or pattern he has been on already for a period of time. Whereas, the other road is change. Many of us wonder how life would be, if we choose to change courses. Honestly, in the past, I thought of the roads in terms of difficulty. I was thinking one road is more challenging than the other and will require more out of the person to get to the destination. For example, I wonder how different my life would be if I decided to pursue a Masters degree in Creative Writing at the New School for Social Research in New York like I originally intended to do instead of enrolling in a Master’s program that was not geared towards producing society’s next writers. Instead of living the life of a writer and earning my sole living from it, I went down  another, less traveled road–the one that ends with me earning a post-doctorate degree, lecturing/presenting research at scholarly conferences, and writing non-fiction. I am still traveling as you can see, for the road is long, a marathon to say the least, and requires dedication, and perseverance. For those reasons, many may choose not to take that road, because it is a longer, more challenging journey. Here, I see how the color yellow would symbolize age, too. Over time, we must eventually choose one of the two roads. g this way? Why should we care?

Reducing Injuries in the Workplace Dissertation

Reducing Injuries in the Workplace - Dissertation Example ignificant increase in the implementation of safety incentive programmes, which have been ineffective many times since many employees are used to underreporting as a way of meeting safety goals. In this research study it was found that there is a clear divergence of views between employees and managers of the company under scrutiny in connection to safety measures in the workplace. There is a need of implementing safety training on a regular basis in order to make employees aware of the importance of creating a safe environment at work. This dissertation was grounded on secondary data from a literature review and primary data collected through an employee queestionnaire, a manager questionnaire, and safety reports and documentaton. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1.- Statement of the Problem. The issue of occupational safety has been a matter of concern for the Health and Safety Authority (HSA), the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and companies in general. HSA, HSE and OSHA require compliance with their regulations and many companies have established safety incentive programmes. The major problem has been related with underreporting in order to meet workplace safety goals. In this dissertation occupational safety is studied emphasising the need for reducing injuries, illnesses, and accidents in the workplace as well as the need of the companies to comply with safety regulations as established by HSA, HSE, and OSHA. 1.2.- Aim and Objectives. The aim of this research study is to investigate the issue of occupational safety and the reduction of injuries, illnesses and accidents in the workplace. To reach this aim, the following objectives are identified: -To critically review relevant literature about...Occupational safety is a very important issue that must be taken into account for all the companies in general in order to reduce the level of injuries, illnesses, and accidents in the workplace. At the same time it is necessary for companies in general to comply with the safety protocols established by HSA, HSE, and OSHA. Workplace safety cannot be underestimated, and a great deal of attention has to be given to this issue to improve working conditions for all of the employees in any company. 1.4.- Scope of the Dissertation. This research study is based on secondary data from the Literature Review and primary data from two sets of questionnaires and the analysis of safety reports of a given company. Injuries and accidents are studied with greater detail than illnesses in the workplace. Emphasis is made on the topic of safety incentive programmes and the common issue of underreporting in order to meet workplace safety goals. This research is limited to the study of occupational safety in one specific company and through a limited time frame. 1.5.- Dissertation Structure. This dissertation is structured as follows: The Abstract summarises the findings. The Introduction is divided in five sections: Statement of the Problem, Aim and Objectives, Relevance of the Dissertation, Scope of the Dissertation, and Dissertatrion Structure. The Literature Review is divided in seveb sections: Introduction. The Problem of Workplace Injuries, Injuries and their Causes, The Role of HSA OSHA, and HSE.

Air Pollution in Ontario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Air Pollution in Ontario - Essay Example There has a problem of urban sprawling that has become a cause of major pollution in the capital. (Marianne, 2000) Air pollution has been one of the major problems that have been affecting the city of Ontario for along time now. It has been a subject of study and research but there have been little that has been done in order to mitigate the situation. Air pollution in Ontario has been contributed by the rising urban sprawl in the area. Thus has come with a lot of problem with multiple effects on the health and general life of the people in the area. Urban sprawling has seen the gobbling up green space in the southern part of Ontario. This has been happening at an alarming rate which has come with a lot of environmental impacts in the area. According to the Neptis Foundation which has been monitoring the issue, there are addition 260,000 acres of rural land that is expected to the urbanized by 2030. This shows that it will be double the rate of the current size of the city of Toronto. This has been compounded by the fact that about 92% of the land in Ontario is best for farmland. Urban sprawling in the areas has lead to a lot of effects. It has led to destruction of green space and farmlands which has affected the rate of food production in the area. There has been an effect of river pollution and pollution of other water ways and streams. The population has been forced to be over dependent on vehicles which has been having a lot of air pollution with the consequential problem of climate change. (Ontario Greenbelt alliance, 2008) It has been shown that the Golden Horseshoe area on Ontario has been growing with more than 115,000 people coming in the area every year. In the coming 15 years, it is estimated that it will be the third largest urban region in the North America behind New York and Los Angles. This has been coming with a lot of problems and strains for the population living in the city. The Toronto area has also approved the development for 128,000 acres of land since 1989 which has been at a rate of 9,100 acres every year. The Toronto region conservation authority has shown that increased loss of biodiversity is having an effect on the natural resource. For example of the 180 animal species that are found in greater Toronto, 110 have been classified as having a risk of extinction due to encroachment of their land. These are some of the problem that has led to the compounding problem of urban sprawling in the area. In this regard there have been many problems that have come with the increase in population and the consequent reclaiming of arable land for the purpose of settling the population. In comparison to other cities around the city of Toronto has been adversely affected by the problem of increasing population since the local authority had to deal with the problem of increasing access of basic services to the population. There are several problems that have come as a result of increase in the population of the province in general. (Bates, 1997) Challenges of urban sprawling in Ontario There have been several effects that have resulted from urban sprawling in Ontario. These have resulted from the increasing population pressure and decreasing land resources and amenities to accommodate the population. In specific there has been

Concentrated Solar Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Concentrated Solar Power - Essay Example The second chapter introduces us to possible solution to the problem stated in the introduction chapter. In the third chapter, various aspects of the solution are analyzed. In this case, the research has clearly explained justifications for using the solution outlined. The conclusion gives a summary of main ideas outlined in the research. In addition, various recommendations have been presented for potential advancement of this technology. We have analyzed various ways through which the lighting problem in the rural areas and other areas that are not connected to the grid can be lighted up. In addition, we have been focussing on the ways that can be adopted in order to in the installation scale down the electricity bills payable by consumers for the power supply. One of the main openings to providing a solution for the stated problems is to utilize the solar energy. It is important to note that every single household is always connected to the solar energy; since it is freely availab le as a gift of nature. This report investigates a power system used to generate electricity for powering domestic holdings, business and industries. The essay makes various recommendations for effective installation of solar panels to ensure that maximum power will be produced. In addition, this work provides technical skills for technicians involved in the installation. This research has been conducted with the aim of unmasking the potential that the solar energy possess if it was fully exploited.

Transportation through the various parts of the Denver metropolitan Term Paper

Transportation through the various parts of the Denver metropolitan area - Term Paper Example After this point we were Pecos working our way onto West 56th towards Federal back onto Pecos via I-76 and followed this route all the way to West 106th where we turned around at North Glen marketplace and went back to where I started. In the interest of full disclosure I perhaps did not choose the best time to ride Denver’s Public Transit because my journey was largely during Rush hour and it was quite dark. At the beginning of my journey on 15th street one notces that the streets were eerily empty of pedestrians and some of the buildings are quite tall. Along this street the buildings are also separated by several paring lots above ground and traditional. All one sees for several blocks was empty streets and parking lots.The next major sight that we passed was Coors Field on 20th Street. Baseball season is over and the road is sided by two large concrete walls which gave a very unpleasant feeling. The next major transition was onto Navajo Street with its small house. Without question this region is distinctly residential but passes by the occasional tavern, Church or auto body shop. I remember seeing a small altercation by a bar I think was called the ‘Arabian Bar’. Aother sight that soood out in my mind was the ‘Bug Theatre’ Which had a large group of people outside of it although I could not tell of there was anything go on that evening. The bus eventually turning onto Pecos street where there were vast empty fields and huge houses or gigantic industrial park type buildings and mega parking lots with big box stores which then transitioned back into a largely empty residential area. It was a strange transition from tightly packed inner city to a more casual residential area and then finally into such an open area only to turn around and repeat the process. Although it was the case that I hardly saw any people outside of the inner city and the residential area for some reason being in the rural area on Pecos

Cross cultural management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Cross cultural management - Essay Example Australian government has provided huge assistance in helping those migrated Sudanese to settle in Australia. Sudan was considered to be the top sourced country for the Humanitarian Migration Program. A large number of Sudanese are now staying in Australia as indicated by the Census 2006. The record shows that in Victoria 6205 Sudanese were born which was 32.2% of the total Sudanese population staying in Australia (MIGRANT INFORMATION CENTRE, 2012). This suggests that more and more Sudanese population were joining the education and workforce in Australia. Living The first and foremost problem that the Sudanese faced was socialization. Socialization requires adaptation of the family members to the legal, cultural and social structure of Australia. There were many cultural gaps identified between Australian community and the Sudanese that included understanding the cultural context. Another problem was difficulty in speaking English. The people coming from Sudan were originally from di verse ethnicities and spoke different language. According to Census data of 2006, 25.1% of the Sudanese people spoke Dinka, 46.6% spoke Arabic and 9.1% spoke Neur (MIGRANT INFORMATION CENTRE, 2012). Hence these three languages are recognized to be most important. It is very confronting and difficult to stay in a new country, learn their language, adopt to their culture and at the same time feel not respected and accepted by the society (Licina and Dharmalingam, n.d.). Working Employment becomes the most vital part of an individual life. To sustain its livelihood it becomes important for an individual to fetch employment. This was a huge problem for Sudanese. This would also provide them with the ability to settle more aptly and nicely in the new environment. Employment also leads to many psychological effects on an individual. Getting employed not only provides a stable income but also removes the anxiety of financial problems and feels getting respected and accepted in the society (DIAC, 2012). By getting employed they would also gain gradual understanding regarding the culture and system of the new place. But the Sudanese had been struggling hard for the employment. Difficulty in gaining employment was mainly due to the racial discrimination and lack of skill and experience. English speaking problem was also a major reason for their unemployment. Studying Education is another important aspect from which the Sudanese were deprived of. However since they were not well acquainted with the English language and did not have adequate educational background from their previous country so they faced difficulty in understanding the education system of Australia. AMEP provides a free training on English of 510 hours to the new arrival, who arrived as refugees. But this was considered as an unrealistic educational support. The Sudanese never used the language English earlier, in such a situation it was difficult for them to learn a foreign language which they have neve r used. Moreover learning is a process that individual need separate time to adopt; so this measure was of no help to them. Thus this problem still remains there. Moreover the quality of school education available at Sudan is quite poor. Leaving some of the vocational training the opportunity of education in Sudan is quite limited (Commonwealth of Australia, 2007). Discussion There were several issues that made the livelihood

Discussion on Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion on Plagiarism - Essay Example Written works are property over which the original writer has every right of exercising his dominion. That being said, there are times when it is difficult to tell which words are proprietary to an author and which are not. There are many idioms, sayings, and common utterances that, because they are used often and in casual manner, it becomes nearly impossible to tell where the phrase or statement began. Sometimes a witty catchphrase just takes off so fast that its origins are obscured before they could be acknowledged. Sometimes, without intending to, we echo others’ thoughts because they had struck a chord with our own. In the case of Ben Domenech, however, there can be no appeal. Although he argued by way of excuse that he was only 17 at the time he admittedly appropriated another’s work, there can be no doubt that even at that age the idea of â€Å"copying† as â€Å"cheating† would have been well ingrained into his mind and conscience. After all, children in their first grade know that it is wrong to cheat, and that copying a classmate’s homework or answers in a test and passing it on as one’s own is cheating. Children 7 years of age know this is wrong, which is why they go to great lengths to conceal it; what more youths of 17? Domenech cannot hide behind his age, just one year short of adulthood; this is not, after all, a deep moral dilemma. It’s simply cheating. Concerning Rebecca’s comment, she is spot on in underscoring Domenech’s past as a writer for the school paper. As a school journalist, it is almost certain that he had been given some form of formal instruction before he was accepted into the writing staff. After all, the school would have been aware that writings in the official school organ reflected upon its reputation and integrity, and its writers therefore would be put in the precarious position of being the school’s mouthpiece. Domenech could therefore

Case memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case memo - Essay Example To evaluate the suitability of the new idea, White Appliances limited needs to consider the SWOT analysis for this case objectively. A SWOT analysis will be a useful technique that the company can use to determine its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats before considering the new venture. The technique will enable White Appliances to determine or identify a sustainable niche in the competitive global market. Using the SWOT analysis the company will be able to determine strategies that will make it stand out from its competitors. As a manager of the White Appliances limited, the company has adequate strength to penetrate and establish itself in the new Indian market. The company’s strengths are determined by what the company can do better than its competitor and factors that enable the company to stand out from its competitors. To begin with, White Appliances produces its microwaves from both its Asian and American manufacturing lines. The company markets its microwaves mainly in the American and European markets. Having two manufacturing locations for microwaves will enable the company to penetrate and sustain the Indian market. The company also needs to sustain its old markets while it searches for a new markets, the company can therefore decide to use its Asian production units to concentrate on the new market while the American production unit concentrates on the existing markets. White Appliances has marketed its products successfully in major European and American markets. This implies that the company has a good and reliable market that it can turn to incase the new venture prove to be unpromising. Being able to control the European and American markets has also enabled the company to acquire adequate profits that can be applied in any expansion measure undertaken by the company. The ability to control the American

Meaning of Life and Success Essay Example for Free

Meaning of Life and Success Essay The most important thing in my life is thought to be happiness. In order to achieve success you must adjust to very situation with ease. Success is it the process of doing a task and receiving a positive result, or is it simply achieving one’s own personal goals. According to The American Heritage dictionary success is, â€Å"the achievement of something desired, planned, or attempt†. The word success itself means to achieve your goal or get the point that you looking for. Some people success meant to them to be rich or to finish school and work high pay jobs. But for me success means more than that. Success means to me have peace and love; also to get married and to enter heaven after this life is over. To be sure, everybody who has peace and love is a successful succeeding person. Without peace and love there is no success. You wake up in the morning and you don’t worry about anything that day; that is success for me, because the life is short, you don’t have to be concerned about anything. Also if you have a family that loves you and is always happy for what you are doing, that is success. In addition, if you take care of your old parents and they love you and they live a happy life, which is success for me. Additionally, success is also something that is viewed differently in the eyes of everyone. This is because success means doing what I have always wanted do being where I have always wanted to be. My goal in life is to eventually get married to a good wife and have many happy children and if I accomplished that, then I could view myself as having success. Lastly, meaning of success for me is to enter the heaven after this life is over. We know that life in this world is too short, and we don’t know when we are going to die and what we are going to get after this life. That is a simple answer; do good deeds in this world and you are going to be successful in the life hereafter. That means you enter the heaven for sure and that is big reward from God to his mankind. There is no dying after this life; that means if you don’t enter the heaven you will be the loser and who ever go in the heaven will be the winner. In conclusion, I still agree with the idea I presented: however according to the dictionary and many other resources, success means to them achievement. But according to my own opinion success means to believe the ones of God, and to have peace and love in your whole life, and to get in heaven the life hereafter.

Solution to World Poverty Essay Example for Free

Solution to World Poverty Essay Try to imagine when you became a homeless child who is facing death because of starvation, would not you want a piece of bread from a kind man? In the article The Singer Solution to World Poverty Peter Singer talks about whether we should save poor children or not by donating money. In his article, Singer helps us realize our response for the deaths of children in poor families by asking the reader to consider hypothetical situations and put these moral issues into real life. In the long run, simply donating money to poor countries do not solve the problem. In my opinion, we should help the poor children to make their own living, by spending our money on popularization of education and health care in the poor countries. In the first few paragraphs, Singer uses examples from the Brazilian film Central Station and basically says that in America and other countries, people are more likely to condemn people who do not donate. For example, people who might have been quick condemn Dora if she had not rescued the boy actually go back to places far more comfortable than Doras apartment after the movie ends. This suggests that people who are able to help the poor children do not take actions to help them. Therefore, we should start to help poor children by donating money to the charity rather than wait for someone else to do it. Like the author says Donated to one of a number of charitable agencies, that money could mean the difference between life and death for children in need. Another example from the article was authors analysis of Living High and Letting Die by Peter Unger. The example is about close-to-retirement Bob, who chooses not to throw the switch that would have directed the train to another track and saved childs life. In the same manner, it is very wrong of us for not calling the charity number listed on P299 after seeing it, because we chose not making the phone call while we could have saved one childs life by making it. According to the author Now you, too have the information you need to save childs life. How should you judge yourself if you dont do it? In our real life, it is understandable that people prefer to do nothing, because I did not call that charity neither. However, our problem is that we tend to rely on the majority, because nobody will blame the majority. In this case, some people might ask then why should we donate our money to the charity while the majority is not willing to do so? The author calls this follow-the-crowd ethics-the kind of ethics that led many Germans to look away when the Nazi atrocities were being committed. We do not excuse them because others were behaving no better. However, I do not agree with Singers opinion that we should donate everything beyond necessities, where Singer says An American household with an income of $50,000 spends around $30,000 annually on necessities, according to the Conference BoardTherefore, for a household bringing in $50,000 a year, donations to help the worlds poor should be as close as possible to $20,000. However, we save one child by donating $200 as the author suggests, one life saves one life, fair and kind enough. Since we are living in real world, we should look towards reality, and the reality is that every one of us is selfish. For example, a guy chooses to go to a local Pizza restaurant every Friday night with his weekly extra income, lets assume $25 approximately. Suddenly, he is required to donate all of that 25 dollars to a local charity. Imagine what might happen to that guy, it will certainly take him a while to get used to not eat in that pizza restaurant anymore. Donating someones extra income means giving up certain habits supported by that part of the income, and it could be just as difficult as persuading a smoker to give up smoking. Therefore, we all need to donate money, but not everything beyond necessities. Now, here comes an important question: what do people really need in these poor countries? If I only donate $200, are those money really going to change a childs life? The answer is depended on what organization you are donating to. According to Garrett Hardin, in his article Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor he is trying to convince the readers not to donate, because the worlds resources are inequitably distributed. and We cannot safely divide the wealth equitably among all peoples so long as reproduce at different rates. To do so would guarantee that our grandchildren, and everyone elses grandchildren, would have only a ruined world to inhabit. Therefore, in the long run, by simply donating money or resource (especially foods), we are making the population growth differential between poor and rich countries even bigger. Thus, we should let them suffer now in order to make a brighter life for their future generation and ours. However, according to Hardin, there is one exception: instead of giving poor people fish, we can teach them how to fish, so that they will be able to make their own living in the future. For example, we can spend our money on popularizing education and health care in poor countries, so we are helping poor children to create their own survival abilities. In the end, we should clarify the value of 200 dollars: it might be nothing for rich people to spend that amount on a luxury dinner (some of the top restaurants charge even more than that) in this case the value of $200 might be tasty foods and a comfortable environment. Now, lets save this $200 and give it to an oversea aid organization assuming the money is directly spent on saving one sick childs life. In this case, the value of $200 is certainly more than a good meal. Therefore, we should definitely donate part of our extra income, but not everything beyond necessities. Furthermore, the money should be spent popularizing education and health care in poor countries. When you see your $200 has made a little difference in the life of a poor children, dont you feel happy? and dont you think that together as a whole we can make world better so we should start giving? CITATION Peter Singer. The Singer Solution to World Poverty The Norton Mix. Boston University. New York, 2012. P296-303. Print. Garrett Hardain. Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor The Norton Mix. Boston University. New York, 2012. P158-160. Print.

Factors for Wide Area Computer Network

Factors for Wide Area Computer Network AWI International Education Group Task 1/A Wellington Napier and Christchurch: 3) Auckland Tauranga Task 1/B   Ã‚   Wellington Christchurch Napier Auckland Tauranga Local IP range 192.168.10.0 /24 192.168.8.0 /24 192.169.19.0 /24 192.168.11.0 /24 192.168.14.0 /24 Internet IP 122.11.80.13 122.11.80.14 122.11.80.16 122.13.58.4 122.11.80.18 DMZ IP range 10.51.0.0 10.51.0.2 Task 1/C: Components configurations: Wellington Component Configuration 52x PC LAN port each / DHCP on 4x switch 24 port switch 8x Servers Printer (LAN port) Database (LAN port) Application (LAN port) ADDS (LAN port) DHCP (2 LAN ports) File (2 LAN ports) Web (2 LAN ports) Email (2 LAN ports) 1x Firewall Router 1 LAN port Hub 5 LAN ports Christchurch 5x PCs LAN port Switch 6 LAN ports Router 2x LAN ports DSL modem 1x LAN port 1x RG11 Napier 8x PC LAN port Switch 9x LAN ports Router 2x LAN ports DSL modem 1x LAN port 1x RG11 Auckland 18x PC 12x with LAN port 6x with WMP300N modules Switch 14x LAN port WiFi router 1x LAN port for switch (12 PCs) and wireless for 6 PCs Router 2x LAN ports Tauranga 5 PCs LAN port Switch 7 LAN ports Router/Firewall 2x LAN ports Web Server 2 LAN port File Server 2 LAN port Task 1/D: Main office of the company PrinterPrinter Inc. Is located in Wellington. The office has total 52 PCs which are allocated between three major departments: Sales, Accounting and Marketing. Each departments computers are connected via cables to Switches, which in turn are connected to the central Switch for further connection. Central Switch is also connected to 8 Servers that provide all necessary services for the network. However the main connection to the internet is provided via DMZ connection network in face of four servers (DHCP, File, Web, Email) which are also connected to the hub. The hub in turn is connected Router which also acts as Firewall in the internet connection. Napier and Christchurch have similar networks, as both are connected to internet via ADSL technology. And both are connected to main office via router-to-router VPN connection. In order to create ADSL supported network, it is required to have DSL Modem, which can be connected to internet via landline cord. In turn, Modem is connected to Router in order to delegate internet to the users via Switch, which is connected to the PCs. In addition to that, one of Napier PCs are configured to establish VPN connection. Auckland branch. This network has 18 PCs in three floors. 12 PCs are connected to the network via Switch directly by cables. Meanwhile, third floors 6 PCs are connected to Switch via intermediary Wireless Router with help of WMP300N module. Switch in its turn allows to connect to the public networks (Internet). This may be arguable to have two routers instead of one, but I believe that additional Wireless Router will provide more stable and constructive connection. Tauranga. The network, has been established with DMZ connection starting with properly configured Firewall/Router in order to work with several IP addresses. Router is connected to Hub. Hub is connected to Servers which are used for proper services performances, which in turn are connected to the Switch, that connects PCs to the network. Task 1/E. All of the branches are set to be connected to the main office with the use of VPN. All VPN connections from branches to the main office are connected to the Firewall. Firewall in turn, is configured with all the restrictions and access policies. As is written in scenario, the branch can connect to the main office via on-demand router-to-router VPN connections. On the other hand, as given example with Auckland branch, it can connect to main office, by persistent VPN connections that stay connected 24/7. Task1/F. In case of the Partners, they can connect to the main office network via VPN connection. But in common cases they use Cisco VPN utility that contain SSL certificate, IP address, password. Meanwhile Firewall is configured with identification of these IP addresses, based on which certain access level is delegated for the partners. Task 2/A. In case of main office, DHCP, File, Web and Email servers have static IP addresses which route 10.51.0.0 network and 192.168.14.0. In Napier branch Router2 has default routing. As well as Christchurch branch. In Auckland branch, we face the same case of both Routers to have default routing. Finally, in case of Tauranga, Web and File servers, also have static IP addresses which route 10.51.0.0 network and 192.168.10.0. Task 2/B. For t Static routing tables were used to configure the networks. In addition to that, default routing was implemented in all routers. To ensure correct work, tracert command was used in command prompt. Bibliography Requirements for IPv4 Routers, F. Baker, RFC 1812, June 1995 Ingress Filtering for Multihomed Networks,RFC 3704, F. Baker P. Savola,March 2004

Abortion Report Essay -- essays research papers

Abortion Report   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have chosen for my topic Abortion. I think that it is a topic that is very important in today's society however it is often dodged or avoided. Different Presidents say different things and have different stances about it, and often it is had to know what to think about it. Basically there are two different ways of looking at it: Pro-Choice, which takes the stance of saying that it is the woman's choice if she wants to have an abortion and that it is only her business. So basically they want it to remain legal. Then there is the other stance of Pro-Life which says that it should not remain legal and that it is just about as bad as cold-blooded murder. I happen to agree with this. This is what I will be focusing on for the rest of my report.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I will first talk about Pro-Choice. Through the years this has obviously been the thinking of our nation because abortion remains legal (Bill Clinton is Pro-Choice). This is also the thinking of many woman's rights movements and organizations. From reading a paper on Pro-Choice it states as its heading that abortion should be a woman's right to choose what she does with her body, and it should not be altered or influenced by anyone else. This right is guaranteed by the ninth amendment, which contains the right to privacy. This brings up a very interesting point, which is that the ninth amendment is a strong argument in the fight for Pro-Choice. It states that ...